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DOLLS

What is the doll? This made of rags, a skin, a beaten paper, a tree and so forth similarity of the person, and sometimes and an animal. Such definition gives an explanatory dictionary of Russian of Vladimir Dalja. But only the artist can give the true answer to this question because for it a doll it is not simple a piece of plastic with nylon hair, a doll are months hard work during which time hands of the master create a unique image.

 

Certainly, dolls happen different, but since recent time for counters of our shops the present works of art, dolls of manual work began to appear. Such dolls are done by Julia Vishnevskaya, it the master puppeteer, the owner of the richest domestic collection парселиновых dolls. These are such especial toys: the head is made of the most thin porcelain, and a trunk - more often from a papier-mache.

 

Парселиновые dolls were especially popular in the end of the last century. They as though have absorbed in themselves time "smell". If attentively to look narrowly, it is possible to define at once, during what time and in what country they are made. It is possible to track a fashion on persons, clothes, hairdresses, shoes, caps. Certainly, it is the extremely expensive toys and always manual work. Such dolls gave rich French, to German children. To their Russia brought from abroad. Everyone - a unique work of art. Wigs were produced only from natural hair. If did party of ten toys, all the same everyone had the person, a dress of a special style and a colouring. "Piece" dolls were made in the single copy or in small lots, and after release of certain number of copies the original broke in the presence of witnesses.

 

And today, manufacturing of such dolls is the laborious work demanding from the artist not only a flight of fancy, but also solid skill of the sculptor, knowledge of anatomy and huge patience. The material with which the present puppeteers work, is porcelain or various kinds of plastic. Aspiring to achieve the greatest similarity to "live nature", masters apply special kinds of plastic - цернит, ладол, эфапласт. And German artist Hildegarda Gjuntsel has developed the special wax, allowing to reach amazing similarity to a live skin. 25 years this artist went to secrets of perfection of the creations, but today dolls Гюнцель - romantic golden-haired girls and boys - dream of collectors of all world.

 

At manufacturing of dolls originally вылепливается a head and handles. And initially the author knows only a floor and age of the future doll. The further roasting can change very strongly a figure, therefore is definitively clear, who will turn out, becomes only when the dress and boots are put already on. Persons of dolls undersign manually oil paints. Then the skeleton for a trunk from a thin wire so that on a hand at a doll each finger has been moulded separately becomes. The following stage - a dress or a suit for a doll. They too are sewed manually. At manufacturing of suits the natural clap, silk, a velvet, a skin, brocade, шифон, natural and artificial fur, an ornamental band, a braid, a lace, a lace, beads, pastes, feathers of birds, colour tapes is used. Then for a doll it is made паричок according to a suit, if necessary hair curl and keep within. Each doll gathers individually and to each doll is named. Antiquarian dolls differ under trade marks which were put usually behind on a neck or a doll trunk. Modern author's dolls sign under a wig on a neck. So court ladies, wedding couples, sad Пьеро … are born

 

Well-founded and not so well-founded misters of all world get dolls not less willingly, than painting and ancient coins. Very large and well-known collections of dolls have collected, for example, the Hollywood stars Demi Moore and Grejs Kell. By the way, in a collection of "soldier Jane" there is also a work Russian кукольницы Tatyanas Baevoj, while the unique.

 

In the world it is considered to be the most outstanding collection of dolls meeting known Parisian галлеристки Dynes Return. It collects a collection fifty years. At it many rare and expensive dolls. Return know all over the world. It was model of sculptor Majolja. Posed for Anri Matisse and Pierre Bonnaru. It was familiar with Charles де Gaulle.

 

In our country of collectors of dolls it is a little. Julia Vishnevskaya has collected, fantastic in the sizes and quality, a collection and could open in Moscow on Small Dmitrovka a doll museum. Now in it it is exposed nearby 250 of more than 2500 exhibits of its collection.

 

Certainly, the dream of each master - to have the workshop and possibility to expose the works. In 1991 for many of them this dream was carried out - the gallery "Rose Азора" has been created. Thus, artists, authors of the most unique dolls: Sergey Romanov, Elena Gorbushina, Igor Delitsyn, Victor Nazariti and many other things have received the official status and possibility to show to all the creations. Antiquarian and author's dolls are exposed in doll gallery "Vakhtangs" and in "the Museum of unique and antiquarian dolls". Unusually beautiful dolls are created Олиной Вентцель. The head of gallery "Vakhtangs" Irina Myzina is engaged in that, except it, anybody does not do: participates in international Dolls Fairs, takes out on the West of our artists and sells in Russia foreign collection dolls.

 

People who collect the house small collections much. Among them Andrey Makarevich, Olga Kabo, spouse Sergey Stepashin, wife Alexander Malinin, Alexander Livshits. Some meeting of author's dolls is at Olga Okudzhavy. There there are also old, and theatrical dolls. This meeting is registered as the Moscow museum of dolls "Doll house". There is a small collection of author's dolls at the wife of mister Kadannikov.

 

In the West on manufacture of plastic, paints and other materials necessary for each master, the big money is gained. Special shops where "spare parts" to them are on sale not only dolls, but also as though are opened: antiquarian eyes, antiquarian fingers, wigs. The special catalogue "Glorex is created even. Swiss dolls" which specialises exclusively on dolls, suits and other lovely accessories which can be useful both to any child, and the professional artist. The considerable quantity of colourful magazines and the books devoted to dolls and their founders is published. The image of many stars is embodied in a miniature. Manufacturing of dolls is both craft, and art simultaneously. And in our country for those who wishes to learn to do porcelain dolls books are published, exhibitions are held, special courses on which you not only learn all about process of creation of dolls open: Porcelain, wooden, dolls-souvenirs, but also will get acquainted with manufacturing techniques of their clothes, ornaments, variants of embroideries, various ways of weaving of laces, a macrame.

 

Try, who knows, there can be a following exhibition of unique dolls which will open in Moscow, will be your author's exhibition.

 

Irina Rusina

7.08.03